One of the parts I enjoy most about my work is helping our clients build lasting lives in Spain. Over the years, the Non-Lucrative Visa (NLV) has become one of our favourite areas of practice—not just because of the legal work involved, but because of the inspiring people behind each file.

At Costaluz Lawyers, we’ve helped dozens of clients renew their NLV successfully, and through this experience, we’ve seen it all—the good, the stressful, and the “why did they do that?”

In fact, many people come to us after having their renewal denied. They are often the result of incomplete or poorly prepared applications submitted elsewhere. Fortunately, we’ve been able to win appeals or reapply successfully in the vast majority of these situations.

When to Start

You can submit your NLV renewal:

• From 60 days before your card expires

• Up to 90 days after (grace period, with right reasons and good faith--risky)

We recommend starting preparations around three months in advance, especially if any documentation needs to be updated, translated, or clarified.

What You’ll Need

Here’s a checklist we prepare with every NLV client:

• EX-01 application form

• Copy of all passport pages

• Proof of sufficient funds (usually 400% of IPREM)

• Private health insurance (no co-payments, full coverage in Spain)

• Recent empadronamiento

• Modelo 790 fee payment proof

What Can Go Wrong – From the Cases That Reach Us

We’ve worked on many rejected NLV renewals—and although they weren’t originally submitted by us, we’ve learned a lot from correcting these cases. Here are the most common issues we’ve seen:

Financial documentation that lacks clarity or translation

This includes statements from foreign banks that haven’t been translated, unclear proof of consistent income, or sudden large transfers with no explanation. We know exactly how immigration officials interpret financial evidence, and we tailor each submission accordingly.

Health insurance that doesn’t meet legal standards

Many denials stem from policies that include co-payments, have limited coverage, or were expired at the time of renewal. These are automatic red flags. We only work with fully compliant Spanish insurers.

Insufficient physical presence in Spain

Although the NLV doesn’t allow work, it does require real residency. Renewals can be denied if the applicant spent more than six months outside Spain. We always ask our clients to review their travel history before applying.

Missed or miscalculated deadlines

Applications submitted too early or too late are unfortunately common. Our internal systems track each client’s dates carefully to avoid these problems.

How We Help

When you work with Costaluz Lawyers:

• We manage your submission through the Mercurio platform

• Carefully review and prepare each document

• Handle sworn translations and insurance compliance

• Support you through fingerprinting and TIE card collection

• And if needed, we file strong, well-structured appeals or assist with reapplying

Final Thoughts

Your NLV renewal doesn’t have to be stressful. With the right preparation and legal support, it can be a smooth continuation of your life in Spain.

If you’ve already had a renewal denied, don’t panic. We’ve helped many clients successfully appeal or reapply—even when it seemed like all options were exhausted.

Need support with your NLV renewal or appeal?
Contact me and my team at Costaluz Lawyers. We’re here to help you move forward with confidence.

Feel free to leave your questions below. We’ll respond personally.

If you're thinking about living in Spain, one of the first questions is: what visa do I need?

There’s no one-size-fits-all answer. It depends on your plans — whether you want to retire, work remotely, study, or join family. I’ve written this short guide to help you understand the most common types of visas available right now.

I’ve kept it simple and close, as always. This is not legal talk — just friendly advice from someone who’s been helping internationals settle in Spain for nearly 20 years.

1. Non-Lucrative Visa (NLV) – For living in Spain without working

This visa is perfect if you want to enjoy Spain without working here or anywhere in the world. Many retirees choose this option, but it’s also valid for anyone with enough savings or passive income (like pensions or rental income).

You cannot work or earn money from Spanish or any other country/ies´ sources with this visa. You’ll need to prove a stable income and have private health insurance.

Even though the NLV doesn’t allow you to work in Spain at first, you can apply later for a modification to a work permit (modificación a residencia y trabajo). This usually happens after one year of legal residency. You’ll need a job offer from a Spanish employer (for employed work) or a business plan and funds (for self-employment). It’s a common path for people who want to start slow, get to know the country, and then move into work life legally.

📌 Financial requirement: Around €2,400/month for the main applicant, plus €600/month for each family member.

2. Digital Nomad Visa – For remote workers and freelancers

If you work online for a non-Spanish company or have international online clients as a freelance, this visa allows you to live in Spain legally and work remotely.

It has become a very popular option, especially for young professionals and families who want to enjoy a better work-life balance. It also includes tax benefits if you apply under the Beckham Law.

📌 You’ll need to prove your work relationship (contract or freelance clients), qualifications, and an income of about €2,650/month.

3. Entrepreneur Visa – For starting an innovative business

This visa is for people with a strong business idea that brings innovation and value to Spain. You’ll need a business plan and approval from a government body that checks if your project is “in the national interest.”

It’s not for any small business — they’re looking for projects with growth potential, technology, or international projection.

4. Highly Qualified Professional Visa – For skilled workers with a job offer

If you’ve been offered a job in Spain in a technical or managerial role, you may qualify for this visa. It’s part of a fast-track process to attract international talent.

📌 Your employer must sponsor you, and the salary usually needs to be above €40,000/year (more for executives).

5. Student Visa – For studying in Spain

Whether it’s university, language courses, or training programs, this visa lets you live in Spain while you study. You can also work part-time, and in some cases, move to a work visa later.

It’s a good option if you want to spend a year in Spain and see if it suits you — especially for younger people.

With a Student Visa, you can already work part-time while studying (up to 30 hours per week), and once your studies are completed, you can apply to modify your visa to a full work permit. This is a great option for younger people or professionals who want to study first — for example, in Spanish language or postgraduate programs — and later stay on with a job or their own project. Spain values continuity, so studying here can open many doors.

6. Family Reunification Visa – To join a family member in Spain

If your spouse, parent or child is already legally living in Spain, you may be able to join them through this visa. The requirements vary depending on your relationship and their legal status.

So… which one is for you?

Here’s a quick overview:

If you’re not sure where you fit, don’t worry. We have helped many people like you explore their options — often combining legal rules with life plans. Spain is more than paperwork — it’s a lifestyle.

Feel free to write if you have questions. I'm happy to help — not just as a lawyer, but as someone who truly believes Spain can be home.

Warm wishes,
María

Moving internationally can be overwhelming, but with the right planning, you can make the process smoother. Here’s a quick guide with essential legal tips:

1. Pre-Move Planning:

   • Set your moving date well in advance.

   • Research visa and residency requirements for your destination.

   • Consider getting moving insurance.

2. Legal Aspects:

   • Ensure all personal documents (passport, visa) are up to date.

   • Understand the terms of any lease agreements and employment contracts.

   • Check tax implications and consult a tax advisor to avoid double taxation.

3. Visa & Immigration:

   • Apply for your visa early, as processing times can vary.

   • Look into residence permits if you're staying long-term.

4. Logistics:

   • Hire a reputable moving company and make an inventory of your belongings.

   • Be aware of customs regulations for bringing personal items.

5. Post-Move:

   • Open a local bank account and get health insurance.

   • Register with local authorities as required.

Lease Contract Tip: Ensure your lease includes clear details on duration, deposit, payment schedule, and termination clauses.

By following these steps, you'll be on track for a successful international move!

María

Hello everyone!

After some time away from the keyboard, I am thrilled to announce that Maria’s Blog is back with renewed energy and a fresh focus that I’m sure you will love. During my break, I spent a lot of time thinking about the topics that truly resonate with you, my dear readers, and how I can provide value to those seeking new adventures in Spanish lands.

Today, more than ever, I understand that moving to a new country can be both exciting and overwhelming. That’s why I’ve decided to dedicate a significant portion of our content to everything you need to know about relocating to Spain. From legal procedures to cultural integration tips, I want this blog to be your trusted guide and companion on this journey to your new home.

In the coming weeks, we will share a series of detailed posts covering every aspect of relocation to Spain:

• Preparation for the move: What to expect and how to plan effectively.

• Legal aspects: Understanding visas, residency requirements, and more.

• Finding a home: Tips for house hunting and settling in.

• Cultural integration: How to embrace the Spanish lifestyle and customs.

Stay tuned as we embark on this exciting journey together. Whether you’re considering a move or are already in the midst of relocating, there’s something here for everyone. Let’s make your dream of living in Spain a reality!

Thank you for sticking with us, and welcome back to the adventure!

A significant development is on the horizon for the many foreigners currently residing in Spain without proper documentation. The Spanish government is planning an extraordinary regularization process to facilitate the acquisition of residence and work permits more efficiently and flexibly than through traditional methods. This news is particularly crucial for the hundreds of thousands of undocumented foreigners who are already contributing to the workforce in Spain.

According to our sources, there is a strong possibility that this extraordinary process will commence in the first half of 2025, or even before the end of 2024. In addition to this extraordinary regularization, a reform of the Immigration Regulation (Organic Law 4/2000 of January 11, on the rights and freedoms of foreigners in Spain and their social integration) is expected to be published beforehand, introducing numerous changes.

Foreigners who may not qualify for the extraordinary regularization should also explore the new requirements under the reformed Regulation to regularize their status through the established procedures.

How was the extraordinary regularization initiated?

This initiative began as a popular legislative proposal, in line with Article 87.3 of the Spanish Constitution, and has garnered support from a majority of political parties in parliament. Various entities, including the Episcopal Conference and Cáritas, have also contributed to this initiative.

What Are the Requirements for Regularization?

The specific requirements for this regularization are not yet known, as the proposal must still be debated, amended, and finalized. However, we can speculate based on the requirements from the last extraordinary regularization process in 2005, which included proof of a six-month continuous stay in Spain prior to the regulation’s implementation, no criminal record in the country of origin or Spain, and a job offer or pre-contract.

In 2005, approximately 500,000 individuals were regularized, and the aim of the new process is to exceed that number. The goal is to regularize foreigners who have employment contracts and can contribute to the Spanish system, so similar requirements are likely to be established.

Will Previous Residency in Spain Before November 1, 2021, Be Necessary?

It seems unlikely that this will be a requirement, as it would make the extraordinary regularization process too similar to the social integration (arraigo social) procedure. Considering the requirements from 2005, it’s reasonable to expect different criteria, but we will need to await the final details of the regulation.

Recommendations for Foreigners in Spain

Given the likely brevity of this regularization process, it is crucial to begin preparations immediately. Those with criminal records should start the process of clearing them now, as there may not be enough time later. It is also essential to ensure you are registered (empadronado) in Spain and to gather and preserve any documentation that can prove your continued presence in the country.

Stay informed and prepared, as this extraordinary regularization could provide a vital opportunity for many to secure their legal status and contribute fully to Spanish society.

Are you a non-European Economic Area (EEA) citizen who has purchased or is considering purchasing property in Spain? Do you aspire to reside in Spain but are challenged by the limited visa options for non-EEA nationals? If so, keep reading to discover Costaluz Lawyers' innovative proposal for a new visa type: the Spanish Property Owners Visa.

This idea excites you, doesn't it? Show your support by signing our petition. We are on the verge of reaching 5,000 signatures, a milestone that will significantly amplify our voice in the media and persuade the Spanish government to consider this new visa!

But first, let’s delve into why this visa is so crucial.

Investment Destination of Choice Spain is a top destination for foreign property investment, especially among Northern Europeans. Non-resident buyers make up about 19% of all property transactions in Spain, a figure that soars in tourist-favored areas like Costa del Sol, Costa Blanca, Balearics, and Canaries.

Did you know? A minimum investment of €500,000 in Spanish property is required for a Golden Visa.

Who’s Buying in Spain? The majority of property buyers are from the EU, with British nationals leading the group before 2021. Post-Brexit, the non-EU market share, including British buyers, has risen significantly, altering the dynamics of property investment in Spain.

Post-Brexit, British nationals can only spend 90 out of every 180 days in Spain without a residence permit.

Economic Impact of Property Investment Foreign property purchases in Spain contribute immensely to the economy, encompassing the purchase price, taxes, fees, and ongoing maintenance costs.

More Spending by Non-EU Nationals Non-EU nationals stand out as major economic contributors through their property investments, spending more on average per square meter than other non-resident buyers.

Straightforward Purchase, Complex Residency While buying property in Spain is relatively easy, obtaining residency for non-EU nationals is complex and demanding.

Visa Options for Non-EU Nationals Currently, non-EU individuals looking to retire in Spain can opt for either the Golden Visa or the Non-lucrative visa, both requiring significant financial investment or proof of income.

SIGN NOW Our Proposed Solution: The Spanish Property Owners Visa Recognizing the key role of non-EU buyers in Spain's property market, Costaluz Lawyers proposes a new visa, specifically for non-EU property owners seeking residency without the hefty financial requirements of existing visas.

Requirements for the Spanish Property Owners Visa:

1. Ownership of a property in Spain for a minimum of three years before effetive Brexit date: 1 de mayo de 2021.
2. Proof of a monthly income of at least €1,130: National minimum wage
3. Standard health insurance and criminal record checks would also apply.

A Win-Win Scenario This visa is beneficial for both parties:

• Spain enjoys increased investment and spending by these new residents.
• Non-EU nationals gain easier access to Spanish residency.

Our Goal : With nearly 5,000 signatures, our petition is gaining momentum and attracting media attention. We aim to influence the Spanish government to make this a reality. Sign and share the petition to support non-EU property owners in Spain.

Stay informed by subscribing to our newsletter!

SIGN NOW Thank you!

Investing in rustic land in Spain is not just about owning a piece of the breathtaking Spanish countryside; it's an adventure into the heart of Spain's diverse landscapes. However, the journey can be complex, especially for our international community members. Here's an extended guide to help you navigate through this process, including managing easements.

1. Verify Land Ownership Start by confirming the legal ownership of the property. Obtain a ‘nota simple’ from the Land Registry, which provides ownership details and any legal burdens like liens or easements. This step is vital for ensuring a smooth transaction.

2. Draft a Deposit Contract (Contrato De Arras) A ‘Contrato de Arras’ is a common practice in Spain, involving a deposit that acts as a commitment to the sale. It’s important to understand the legal implications of this contract, as outlined in Article 1454 of the Spanish Civil Code.

3. Cross-Check Property Details Ensure the property's physical attributes match the descriptions in the contract and the Land Registry. Consider hiring a surveyor for an accurate assessment.

4. Finalize the Purchase Contract and Notarize Sign the purchase contract in front of a notary. This step is essential for the legal transfer of ownership and provides a legal safeguard.

5. Register the Property Though not mandatory, registering your property is highly recommended. It serves as legal proof of ownership and is crucial for any future transactions.

6. Managing Easements on Rustic Land Rustic land investments often involve easements. These can include right-of-way, water rights, right-of-view, and agricultural or grazing rights. Understanding these easements is crucial for avoiding future disputes.

 For more in-depth information and personalized guidance, visit our website. You can find the link in the bottom right corner of this post. Our team is dedicated to assisting you through every step of your rustic land investment journey in Spain.

Stay informed and make your investment a success!

María

Costaluzlawyers

We're excited to share a crucial update regarding Spain's tax regulations that could significantly impact many of our members. On December 13th, Order HFP/1338/2023 was issued, bringing pivotal changes to tax rules, particularly for those under the Special Regime for individuals relocated to Spain. We've broken down these changes to make them easily understandable.

1. Introduction of New Approved Models: 149, 151, and Updates to IRNR 210

This regulation introduces Form 151 for the Personal Income Tax Return and Form 149 for Communication for taxpayers under the special regime. Also, there's an important modification in the IRNR form 210, particularly relevant for income declaration without a permanent establishment.

2. Form 151: A New Era for Personal Income Tax Returns

Form 151 is a game-changer. It must be filed electronically for the 2023 tax period (filing in 2024). The deadline coincides with the general Personal Income Tax deadline. For direct debit payments, filing starts early and ends five days before the period's end.

3. Form 149: Keeping Track of Your Tax Options

This form is pivotal for exercising the special taxation option and must be filed electronically. It covers both the main taxpayer and associates, with specific deadlines for filing the option, waiver, and exclusion, and for communicating the end of the posting.

4. Refinement to IRNR Form 210

There's a notable modification aimed at enhancing self-assessment management, especially concerning property rental income. Taxpayers are now responsible for making the self-assessment directly.

5. Implementation and Documentation Requirements

These changes are effective from December 16, 2023. The order details the necessary documentation for each communication, marking a significant step in Spain's tax regime.

With the introduction of Forms 151 and 149, and modifications to IRNR Form 210, the tax framework for those relocated to Spain is evolving. It's essential to be aware of the new electronic filing requirements, deadlines, and the direct role in self-assessment.

Have Questions? Visit Our Website

Navigating these changes can be complex. For more detailed information and assistance, we encourage you to visit our website. On the bottom right corner of this blog. You can also leave your questions at this blogpost! 

Stay Informed, Stay Compliant!

Best wishes always!

Maria de Castro

"Banks’ Role in Overseeing Off plan developments Payments: A Complex Stance from Spain’s Supreme Court"

Introduction:

• Recently, Spain's Supreme Court has been clarifying how banks should control money given to them for building projects that haven't started yet.
• The Court's decisions show two main ways of thinking: one that sticks to the original law (Law 57/68) to protect buyers, and another that seems to favor banks, making it easier for them not to follow this law strictly.

1. How Banks' Responsibilities Have Evolved:

• A 2019 court decision said that banks shouldn't have to dig too deep into where the money from buyers comes from, especially when there are middlemen involved. This was a bit of a change from an earlier 2015 decision, where the court said banks need to watch over any deposit paid into a developer´s bank account in advance for homes under the law.
• Later rulings, including one in 2020, stated that banks aren’t supposed to be overly responsible for checking every payment made to developers, especially if someone else is making payments for the buyer.

2. Sticking to the Original Idea of the Law:

• However, some other court decisions have stuck to the original idea of the law. For example, a 2023 ruling mentioned that the bank knew about some payments made into an off plan developer´s bank account and therefore should be aware of where the money they receive is coming from.
• More rulings in 2021 and 2022 supported this idea, saying banks should know when they’re getting down payments for houses.

3. A Practical Look at Banks' Responsibilities:

• Some court decisions give good examples of how banks should understand their role. For instance, a 2019 ruling pointed out that in a small town setting, a bank should know what’s going on with the money for house projects.
• Another ruling in 2019 agreed, saying that banks should be able to identify advance payments from homebuyers.

Conclusion: Keeping an Eye on Money and Legal Responsibilities, and the European Commission Involvement:

• The court’s decisions on how banks should handle advance payments for homes that aren’t built yet are still changing and have different shades of interpretation. It's important to get these rules right in the future to protect people who pay in advance for homes.
• Under a 1993 anti-money laundering law, banks must watch over financial transactions, including those in real estate. They need to know who's involved in each transaction to ensure everything's transparent and legal.
• Some court rulings that don’t make banks check these payments closely can be questionable. They seem to go against common sense and might even need a look from a constitutional perspective.

Costaluz Lawyers is actively filing complaints to the European Commission. They argue that the Supreme Court's doctrine contradicts the European Union law in matters of contract and consumer rights. This involvement indicates a significant concern over the Supreme Court's interpretation and its alignment with broader European legal standards.