Buitrago del Lozoya is one of the oldest towns in Spain. The first historical references to this town date back to the 1st century BC. and its most characteristic element, its medieval wall, could have been built in the mid-10th century, as indicated by the town hall itself. This wall, together with other medieval elements and the particular geographical location of the municipality, make it one of the most charming towns in the Community of Madrid. And, as if that wasn't enough, the journey from the capital by car is only one hour, making Buitrago del Lozoya an ideal option for a weekend getaway.
Its historical attributes are multiple and highly prestigious. In fact, Buitrago del Lozoya has been a Historic-Artistic Site and an Asset of Cultural Interest since 1993, while its wall has been a National Monument since 1931.
The year 1085 was the first time that the town was mentioned in a recognised source, specifically in the Fuero de Sepúlveda. In the 11th century, the town was reconquered by the troops of the Castilian King Alfonso VI from the Muslims. It remained in Spanish power until the 19th century when Napoleon's French troops entered the peninsula. Buitrago was occupied in 1808 before returning to Spanish domains.
All these battles and conquests took their toll on its monuments. The main one, the medieval wall, is still standing. It has Muslim, Castilian and Christian influences, and surrounds the historic centre of the town. It is surrounded by the Lozoya River, giving rise to spectacular scenery
It is the best-preserved walled enclosure in the Community of Madrid. It is 800 meters long and is made up of two main elements: the lower walkway and the south walkway. These paths on the wall can be visited: The lower walkway is free to walk, while the south side requires a payment of 2 euros.
In the southeast of the walled area is the Castillo de Los Mendoza, built between the 14th and 15th centuries. It is a Mudejar-style building, with a square shape and in its splendour, it had up to seven towers. It was the home of the Marquis of Santillana and his family and also of Queen Juana of Portugal. It is, without a doubt, the jewel in the crown of the town, but unfortunately for visitors today it cannot be visited: since 2016 it has been in the process of being restored.
Other historical elements that stand out in Buitrago are, first of all, the Clock Tower (14th century), which is located at the main access to the wall. Secondly, the church of Santa María del Castillo, from the same century, with a Gothic structure that was modified into a neo-Mudejar one in a restoration process in the 1980s, necessary after a fire. Lastly, the Palacio del Bosque, a hunting ground that has a palatial complex inspired by Italian architecture.
The journey from Madrid is simple. Take the A-1 for 76 kilometres. In approximately 1 hour you’ll be there.
Make a visit!