In the ever-evolving landscape of remote work, digital nomad visas have become increasingly popular. These visas provide professionals who work remotely the opportunity to live and work in foreign countries legally. While many European countries have adopted digital nomad visa schemes, the income requirements for obtaining these visas can vary significantly. Notably, Finland, Montenegro, and Albania stand out for their relatively low-income thresholds, making them attractive destinations for digital nomads seeking to explore Europe without the burden of exorbitant financial prerequisites.
Spain’s Digital Nomad Visa: A Comparative Baseline
To understand how the income requirements across Europe compare, it's beneficial to establish a baseline with Spain’s digital nomad visa. Recent government adjustments have linked the income threshold to Spain's minimum wage, which saw a 4.4% increase in 2025. This adjustment raised the monthly earning requirement to €1,381.33, equating to an annual gross income of €16,576. For digital nomad visa applicants, this translates to a need to demonstrate earnings of at least €2,762 per month—double the minimum wage.
Despite this increase, Spain’s requirements remain lower than some European countries, such as Iceland and Estonia, but higher than others, including Finland, Montenegro, and Albania.
Iceland: The Highest Income Requirement for Digital Nomads
At the upper end of the spectrum, Iceland offers a remote work visa catering specifically to high-income individuals. Applicants need to earn a minimum of €7,075 per month, the highest threshold in Europe. This visa is accessible to both employees of foreign companies and freelancers and is valid for up to six months. During this period, applicants are considered tax residents, subject to local tax regulations.
Similarly, Estonia's digital nomad visa requires a gross monthly income of €4,500, allowing remote workers to stay for up to one year. Should they remain longer than six months, they too become subject to local taxes.
Romania follows with its digital nomad visa aimed at non-EU citizens, stipulating a monthly income threshold of €3,950. This figure is approximately three times the country’s average gross salary. Recent legislative changes ensure that digital nomads staying for extended periods in Romania enjoy exemptions from income tax, social security, and social health insurance contributions.
Finland: Low-Income Requirement Despite High Living Costs
Finland's digital nomad visa is particularly notable for its accessibility, requiring a minimum monthly income of just €1,220. This is remarkably low, especially considering Finland’s high living costs. The visa is designed for non-EU entrepreneurs who are self-employed or run independent businesses. This low financial barrier makes Finland an attractive option for digital nomads seeking to experience the vibrant culture and high living standards of one of Northern Europe's most advanced nations.
Montenegro: Combining Low-Income Requirements with Long-Term Residency
Montenegro offers another appealing option for digital nomads, requiring a monthly income of around €1,400. The nation’s digital nomad visa scheme allows participants to reside in the country for up to four years, a significantly longer period than most other European digital nomad visas provide. Additionally, digital nomads in Montenegro may be eligible for tax breaks, although the specific details of these benefits are still under development. This combination of a low-income threshold and long-term residency potential positions Montenegro as an attractive destination for remote workers.
Albania: Flexibility with the Unique Permit
Albania, too, has embraced the digital nomad trend with its Unique Permit, introduced in early 2022. This permit allows digital nomads to live and work in the country for up to one year, with the possibility of renewal for up to five consecutive years. To qualify, applicants must present proof of an employment contract with a foreign company that permits remote work, alongside evidence of sufficient funds to sustain themselves, estimated to be around €9,800 annually. Albania’s flexible approach and modest financial requirements make it an enticing destination for digital nomads seeking affordability combined with the charm of a Mediterranean lifestyle.
Making the Right Choice for a Digital Nomad Visa
Choosing the right digital nomad visa depends on various factors, including income requirements, tax policies, and the duration of permitted stay. While nations like Iceland and Estonia cater to higher-income individuals, countries such as Finland, Montenegro, and Albania offer more accessible options with lower financial barriers.
Finland stands out with its low monthly income requirement of €1,220, making it feasible for many digital nomads despite the higher living costs. Meanwhile, Montenegro provides a balanced offer with a €1,400 requirement and the advantage of a four-year residency, complemented by potential tax breaks. Albania’s Unique Permit offers flexibility and a moderate annual financial requirement of €9,800, suitable for those favouring a longer-term stay without extensive financial commitments.
Ultimately, the choice of destination will depend on personal preferences, professional needs, and financial capabilities. By assessing these factors alongside the specific visa requirements, digital nomads can find the most suitable European country to live and work in, making their remote work journey a blend of productivity and adventure.